Maganin gyaran Nono na mata,wanda yake kara girma,da kuma yadda ake rage:

Maganin gyaran Nono na mata,wanda yake kara girma,da kuma yadda ake rage:

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Domin gyara nono ga mata

Idan baku mantaba munyi muku alkawarin zamu kawo muku bayani akan yadda zaku magance zubewar nono masamman awajen mata waenda suke kasada shekaru 39 yrs.

Saboda mahimmancin gyaran jiki awajen mata masamman ma gyaran nono munkawo muku bayanai akan yanayin gyaran nono, aciki mun ambaci cewa gyaran nono yakasu kashi uku:

🌾- Nafarko shine karin girman nono.

🌾- Nabiyu shine rage girman nono

🌾- Na’uku shine mikar da nono.

Munyi bayani akan nafarko yau kuma zamuyi bayani akan na ukun wanda shine yadda za’a magance matsalar zubewar nono awaje mata masu karancin she karu, har yanzu sai abimu bashin nabiyun zuwa wani lokaci akusa.

Hakikanin gaskiya kowace mace tanaso taga tanada tsayayyen nono tsawon rayuwanta amma kash.. Saide hakan ba maiyuwa bane, sabida zubewar nono adabi’ance yana faruwa tareda tafiyan shekaru.

Maganin sanyin kowanne iri

kamar yadda aka sani duk lokacinda mace takai shekaru arba’in to gaskiya babu abinda zaihana nononta zubewa, saide matsalan ana iya samun dayawa mata wanda basukai wannan shekarunba kuma nononsu yazube, sannan yana daga cikin abubuwanda yake janyo zubewar nono kamar:

🤶- shayarwa.

🤶- Daukan ciki.

🤶- Yankewar jinin haila gabadaya.

🤶- Ramewa cikin dan kankanin lokaci.

🤶- Kiba.

🤶- Wasu cututtuka kamar cancer dasauransu.

Atakaice zamu fadi hanyoyi guda uku na mikarda nono batareda shan wahala ko kashe kudiba, nafarko:

1- Asamu kankara ashafa ajikin nonuwan duka biyu, ake shafawa ahankali har tashafa ako’ina har natsawon kamar minti biyu, za’a maimaita hakan na tsawon wasu kwanaki, kankara yanada tasiri sosai wajen matse nono da hanashi zubewa, amma kada yawuce minti uku tana shafawa daga bisani sai tasamu bra dedenta tasaka.

2- Nabiyu kuwa shine man zaitun, dayawa yan’uwa mata suna tareda man zaitun amma suna neman maganin zubewar nono, to wallahi kinbar magani mai mahimmanci sosai, anaso ki milke nononki daman zaitun kullum safe dayamma kishafa da hankali sannan atake kisaka bra wanda yadace dake. Za’a maimaita haka nawasu kwanaki, kuma za’a iya amfani da zaitu Lawz ko jojoba oil amadadin man zaitun.

3- Na’uku za’a iya hada neem oil tareda garin ruman cokali daya agarwaya wannan hadin sai adaura akan garwashi yadanyi zafi kadan sai asauke abarshi yahuce, daga bisani sai ake shafawa nonon sau biyu ayini zuwa wasu kwanaki kadan kuma wannan hadin yanada tasiri sosai.

 

Za’a iya amfanida kowanne daga cikin waennan hanya guda uku kuma kowanne yanada tasiri insha Allah

 

Rikicin Kasar Sudan Abin Damuwa Ne Musamman Ga Hausawa Musulmi Yan Arewacin Najeriya.

Ku kunsan: Akwai Hausawa miliyan Shida a kasar Sudan, inda galibinsu mabiya addinin Musulunci ne, kuma Wasunsu suna jin yarensu Hausa na asali maimakon Larabci. Yawancinsu suna rayuwa ne ta hanyar Sana’ar noma a yankin Darfur, Da jihar Al-Jazira da kuma jahohin Kassala da ke gabacin Gedaref da Sennar da Blue Nile.

Ƙididdigar mutane da aka yi a 1993 ta nuna akwai mutum miliyan 30 a Sudan, amma tun bayan wannan lokacin ba a sake yin wata ƙididdiga ba – musamman saboda yaƙin basasar ƙasar da aka dade ana yi.

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ƙiyasta yawan ƴan ƙasar sun kai miliyan 37, inda ita kuma hukumar leƙen asiri ta Amurka, CIA ke cewa sun kai miliyan 45.

Amma bayan da Sudan Ta Kudu ta ɓalle daga ƙasar, ana ƙiyasta yawan ƴan Sudan ya kai miliyan 42.

Duk da cewa Sudan ta shafe gomman shekaru ƙarƙashin tsarin mulki na Shari’ar Musulunci, ƙasar na bin tsarin karatu iri biyu ne kamar yadda lamarin yake a Najeriya da Nijar.

Akwai makarantun boko da kuma na addinin Musulunci, ciki har da na allo.

A makarantun boko ana koyar da ɗalibai darussa ne da harshen Larabci, kuma su kan koyi darussa kamar Lissafi da kimiyya da fasaha da kuma harsuna kamar turancin Ingilishi da Faransanci.

Yadda Hausawa suka kasance a Sudan

Masana tarihi sun bayyana cewa Hausawa sun isa yankin da ake kira Sudan ne a yanzu tun farko zuwan addinin Musulunci yankin Afirka Ta Yamma.

Wasunsu sun tafi Sudan ne saboda dalilai na kasuwanci, wasu kuma saboda Aikin Hajji ne – inda wasunsu suka tafi a ƙafa, wasu kuma a bisa dawaki da jakuna.

Yawancin Hausawan da suka yi wannan tafiya sun tashi daga yankin arewacin Najeriya da kudancin Nijar ne, inda suka riƙa bi ta cikin yankin da a yau ke cikin ƙasashen Kamaru da Chadi Afirka Ta Tsakiya.

Sun riƙa sauka A zango a wasu wurare kan hanyarsu ta zuwa kasa mai tsarki. Wasu daga cikin wuraren da suka sauka sun zama garuruwan Hausawa sannu a hankali.

Wasu Hausawan ba su sami damar isa ƙasa mai tsarki ba, shi ya sa suka yi zamansu a duk yankunan da suka sami kansu.

Wadannan yankunan yanzu na cikin ƙasashe irin su Chadi da Eritrea da Habasha da ƙasar Afirka Ta Tsakiya.

Wannan ne ya sa har zuwa yau waɗannan zangwanni na nan cikin ƙasashen da Hausawa suka riƙa bi gabanin su isa gabar Tekun Bahar maliya, ko Bahar al-Ahmar da Larabci.

Kamar yadda aka bayyana a shimfiɗar wannan maƙalar, Hausawa sun sami kansu a ƙasar Sudan ne saboda gazawarsu ta isa Makkah domin su sauke farali. Amma wasunsu sun gabatar da aikin Hajji sai suka zabi su yi zamansu a can.

Akwai kuma wani rukuni na Hausawan da suka yi gudun hijira zuwa Sudan saboda su tsere wa azzaluman sarakunan gargajiya a ƙasashen da suka fito.

Kan batun ko ana kiran dukkan Hausawa da sunan bai ɗaya na Sudan, sai a duba tarihin kalmar ta Sudan ita kanta. Kalmar ‘Sudan’ dai ta samo asali ne daga kalmar ‘aswad’ daga Larabci wadda ke nufin ‘baƙi’.

Wannan kalmar na nufin Sudan ƙasa ce ta baƙaƙen mutane, kuma daga nan aka riƙa alaƙanta ta da zama ƙasar dukkan baƙaƙen fata da ke nahiyar Afirka.

Sai dai Hausawan da ke ƙasashen Larabawa ba kasafai su kan kira kansu da sunan Hausawa ba. Yawancin sun fi amfani da kalmar ‘tukari’, wanda suna ne da Larabawa suka laƙaba musu saboda kai komo da suka riƙa yi tun wancan zamanin.

Lamarin ya kai hanzu wasunsu ma kan kira kansu tukari, kuma suna kiran yankin da suka fito ‘Hausa’

Babbar hijira daga ƙasar Hausa

Akwai wata hijirar mutane masu yawa da suka bar yankin da ke cikin Najeriya yadda take a yanzu, inda suka koma Sudan.

Sun tarar da Hausawa da Fulani da Bare-bari da Zabarmawa da Kabawa a yankin da suka zauna.

Bayan isarsu Sudan sun yi ƙoƙarin kafa garuruwa da wasu marubuta ke cewa sun kai daruruwa a yanzu, inda a cikin tsohuwar Sudan kawai – wadda ta hada da Sudan ta Kudu – sun kafa daruruwan ƙauyuka da a yanzu sun zama garuruwa kamar Muraffa al Thani da Muraffa al Ommda da kuma Jibir.

A cikin Habasha da ƙasar Eritrea ma akwai garuruwa da ƙauyukan Hausawa masu yawa. Wasunsu ma sun tafi kasashen Somaliya da Djibouti, sai dai babu alƙaluman yawansu a can saboda hukumomin ƙasashen ba su yi ƙidayar dukkan ƙabilun da ke zaune a can ba.

Yaɗuwar Hausawa a Sudan

Al’ummar Hausawa sun yaɗu a Sudan wadda ta hada da Sudan Ta Kudu ta yanzu, kuma sun dade a can kwarai da gaske.

A cikin wallafe-wallafe da aka yi kan tarihin kasar Sudan, akwai littafin da Abdallah Majid – wani fitaccen marubucin tarihi a Sudan ya wallafa – wanda a ciki yake cewa Hausawa sun fi shekara 1,000 a “Gallabat ar Sharqiyya”, wato yankin Gadaref mai makwabtaka da Tekun Bahar Maliya.

A yankin na Gadaref akwai wani shaharren gari mai suna Halwa da ake karantar da Al Qur’ani, kuma tarihi ya tabbatar Hausawa sun kafa garin ne fiye da shekara 1,000 da ta gabata.

Sannan Hausawa ne suka kafa wani babban gari mai suna Wawu, wanda a yanzu garin na cikin kasar Sudan Ta Kudu ne.

Cikin jihohin Sudan 18, babu jihar da babu Hausawa, amma jihohin da Hausawa suka fi yawa sun hada da Bahr al Ahmar (Jihar Red Sea) da jihohin Kassala da Gadaref da Jazeera da Damazin da Sinnar da An Nil al Abyad (jihar White Nile).

A kudancin ƙasar kuwa akwai Hausawa masu yawa a jihohin Kordofan ta Kudu da Kordofan ta Arewa, haka ma a dukkan wilayoyin Darfur uku akwai Hausawa masu yawa. Akwai birane kamr Kosti da Obayyid da Nialla da Geneina waɗanda suna yankin na Darfur ne kuma sanannun garuruwan Hausawa ne.

A arewacin Sudan wato shamaliyya ma akwai Hausawa, sai dai ba su da yawa.

Wane yare ake amfani da shi a Sudan, kuma ana koyar da Hausa a can?

Yawancin mutanen da ke kiran kansu ƴan Sudan a yanzu sun samo asali ne daga auratayya tsakanin ƴan ƙabilar Nuba da ke yankin da kogin Nil ya ratsa ƙasar da wadanda suka yi hijira daga Jazeera, wato Saudiyya da Yemen da kuma yankin arewacin Afirka.

Amma saboda yadda aka fifita Larabci kan sauran harsuna da al’adu, a yanzu galibin al’umomin ƙasar na amfani da harshen larabci ne kuma al’adunsu irin na Larabawa ne.

Manyan ƙabilun da ke Sudan a halin yanzu su ne: Larabawa da Hausawa da Nuba da Fur da Fallata.

Masarautun gargajiya na Hausawan Sudan

Masarautun Hausawan Sudan sun samo asali ne daga wuraren da suka rika yada zango, wato wuraren da suka rika sauka yayin da suke tafiya ƙasa mai tsarki, ko yayin da suke dawowa daga can.

A wancan zamanin, babu tsarin sarauta kamar yadda aka san ta a kasar Hausa ta sarakuna da ƴan majalisunsu, sai dai a na cewa “wane shi ne Sarkin Zango na gida kaza”.

Akwai garuruwa da ke kan iyakar Sudan da Chadi kamar Adukom da Adre inda Hausawa suka shafe daruruwan shekaru da kafa su.

Daga kan iyakar Chadi in aka shiga Sudan, jiha ta farko ita ce Garb Darfur, wato Darfur Ta Yamma akwai irin waɗannan gurare da ake kiransu zango wadanda Hausawan ne suka kafa su.

Baban birnin jihar ta Darfur ta Yamma shi ne Geneina, wanda har yau ɗin nan akwai dumbin Hausawa da suka ce kakanninsu su ne suka kafa garin saboda yana kan babbar hanyar zuwa gaɓar Tekun Bahar Maliya.

Sai dai daga baya an fara bai wa Hausawa mukamai na Ommudiyya, wanda sarauta ce da ana iya kamanta ta da ta hakimi a matakin karamar hukuma.

Duk wanda aka naɗa a kan kira shi Ommda, inda daga nan ne aka fara kafa masarautu na Hausawa a fadin Sudan.

Binciken wasu masana tarihi kamar Abdullahi Hamza na birnin Damazin a gabashin Sudan ya bayyana cewa Fulani sun kafa wasu garuruwa kamar Rajaaj da Dumsi kimanin shekaru 700 da suka gabata, kuma yar yanzu jikokinsu ne ke mulki a garuruwan.

Daga nan Hausawa sun koma wani gari mai suna Toulus wanda Yusuf Ahmad Sammani al Bashar ne ke rike da sarautar wannan yanki kuma shi ne ke rike da mukamin sarkin ilahirin Fulanin Sudan a yanzu.

Tarihi kuma ya nuna cewa a 1924 Turawa sun kulla yarjejeniya da mahaifin Sarki Sammani al Bashar, bayan turawan sun kashe Ali Dinar a 1916.

Yarjejeniyar ta hada wasu bangarorin kasar biyu karkashin masarautar shi mahaifin Sarki Sammani al Bashar, kuma a wancan lokaci ne turawa suka hada duka yankin Darfur ya koma karkashin dunƙulalliyar ƙasar Sudan, kuma wannan masarautar ta Toulus ce ta jagoranci Hausawa da Fulani da Bare-barin da ke ƙasar Sudan gaba daya na wani lokaci.

Masarautun Omdorman da Mayerno

Amma daga baya Hausawa sun kafa masarauta a Omdormana ƙarƙashin mahaifin wani Bahaushe mai suna Haroun Wakili – wanda a wancan zamanin shi ne wakilin sarkin Saudiyya Abdulaziz ibn Saud a Sudan.

Haroun Wakil Bagobiri ne, wanda mahaifinsa mai suna Muhammad Ahmad ne ya fara sarauta, kuma bayan rasuwar Haroun Wakili, dansa Ibrahim Gobirawi ya gaje shi amma ya rasu shekara biyu da ta gabata cikin 2018.

Ɗan Sarki Ibrahim Gobirawi Dokta Waheeb ne ya gaji sarautar ta Omdorman kuma a yau kusan shi ne Sarkin Hausawa na Sudan baki dayanta.

Wannan masarauta ce da jikokin Shehu Usman Dan Fodio suka kafa a 1905 bayan sun yi gudun hijira daga Wurno, inda suka fara yada zango a garin Sheikh Talha inda suka zauna na tsawon shekara guda kafin a 1906 suka kafa garin Mayerno, wanda sun saka sunan ne domin tunawa da garin da suka baro wato ‘Wurno’.

Wanda ya kafa garin Mayerno shi ne Muhammad Bello kimanin shekara 114 da ta gabata. A yanzu tana cikin jihar Sinnar ne a gabashin Sudan.

Muhammad Bello shi ne ɗan Sarkin Musulmi Muhamad Tahir na farko, wanda shi kuma da ne ga Sarkin Musulmi Ahmad Zarrouq, wanda shi kuma dan Abubakar Atiku ne, wanda shi kuma Abubakar Atiku ya karbi sarauta ne daga Muhammad Bello wanda ɗan Shehu Usman Dan Fodio ne.

Bayan mutuwar Muhammad Bello wanda ya kafa garin na Mayerno, ɗansa Muhamamad Tahir wanda shi ma dansa mai suna Muhammadu Bello ya gada.

Bayan rasuwar Bello, sai ƙaninsa Sultan Abubakar ya karɓi sarautar, kuma bayan rasuwarsa shekara hudu da ta gabata, ƙaninsa Sultan Ali ya gaje shi kuma shi ne ke mulki yanzu.

Wasu sarakunan gargajiya sun haɗa da Malam Yahya wanda shi ne Sarkin Kassala wanda masanin tarihi ne.

Akwai kuma Sardaunan Mayerno Mustapha Balla Muhammad Tahir Mayerno, dan Sultan Balla, dan Sultan Muhammad Tahir, wanda shi ne dan Sarkin Musulmi Attahiru wanda Turawa suka kashe a 1903 a Burni lokacin da suka bar Sokoto zuwa Sudan.

Shin Hausawa na riƙe da mukamai a gwamnati?

Hausawan da suka yi karatun boko kuma suka dade suna shiga ayyukan gwamnati kamar Dakta Waheeb Ibrahim Haroun wanda shi kwararren likitan mata ne da ke aiki a ciki da wajen Sudan saboda kwarewarsa. Yana da takardun digiri fiye da biyar a fannonin kiwon lafiya.

Akwai wata sanata mai suna Dakta Maryam Abdulkarim Muhammad Ahmad, wadda asalinta malamar makaranta ce, amma ta shiga harkokin siyasa tun daga matakin jiha.

An fara zabarta ga muƙamin ƴar majalisar jiha kafin daga baya aka zaɓe ta zuwa majalisar ƙasar a matsayin ƴar majalisar dattawa, wanda ita ce mace Bahaushiya ta farko da ta taɓa riƙe wannan muƙamin a Sudan.

Akwai kuma Muhammad Abdallah Bin Jaws wanda ya daɗe yana aikin diflomasiyya a ƙasar.

Amma mutumin da yafi yin fice cikin dukkan Hausawa Sudan shi ne Fadl Sishshi Ayib wanda ya so ya jagoranci ƙasar amma hakan bai yiwu ba saboda hambare gwamnatin Omar al Bashir da aka yi a 2019. Shi ya ajiye aikinsa domin raɗin kansa domin ya tsaya takara.

Akwai kuma Jalal Rabeh wanda wazirin tsohon shugaba Omar al Bashir ne a gwamnatin da ta shude.

Akwai Muhammad Abdallah, wanda shi babban jakadan Sudan a ƙasashe kamar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, da Abdallah Muhammad Musa da Al Tayyib Rabeh wadanda ƴan majalisar dattawan Sudan ne su.

Akwai kuma Muhammad Sharaqaddeen wanda shi kuma alkalin kotun ƙolin Sudan ne.

A halin yanzu matasan Hausawa da yawansu na karatun boko kuma dubbansu na ayyukan gwamnati da suka haɗa da aiki soja da na ƴan sanda.

Sana’o’in Hausawan Sudan

Kamar yadda aka san Bahaushen ƙasar Hausa, a Sudan ma Hausawa sun riƙe sana’ao’in da aka san su suna yi kaka da kakanni.

Manyan sana’o’in Hausawa sun haɗa da noma da kiwo da kasuwanci da kuma karatu da karantar da addinin Musulunci kamar karantar da Al Ƙur’ani.

Akwai kuma wasunsu da ke ayyukan kwadago kamar gini da ɗaukar kaya da wanki da guga da tuƙin mota. Sai dai zuwan zamani ya sa sun rungumi sana’o’i irin na zamani kamar na aikin ofis da na gwamnati. Akwai kuma wasunsu da suka shiga siyasa kuma sun yi nisa sosai cikinta.

Akwai kuma Hausawa masu yawa da suka shiga aikin ƴan sanda da na soji, baya ga waɗanda ke aiki a kamfanonin sadarwa irinsu Sudani da Zain ada kuma Areeba.

Akwai kuma mata masu sana’ar dafe-dafen abinci irin na Hausawa kamar tuwo da miyar taushe da na Larabawa kamar tuwon gero da miyar tagaliyya (aseeda) da kisre da fuul da wani nau’in kosai mai suna ɗa’amiyya.

Akwai manya da ƙananan malaman makarantar boko a Sudan da suka shahara, baya ga likitoci da manyan ƴan kasuwa, kamar Abubakar Idris (Abu Zaituna).

Akwai kuma shaharraun malaman addinin Musulunci kamar Sheikh Abdullahi Hamza na Damazin, mutumin jihar Blue Nile, wanda malamin darikar Tijjaniyya ne.

Hausawan Sudan kuma na da kungiyoyi na wasan kwaikwayo a faɗin ƙasar inda suke bayyana al’adunsu da basirar da ubangiji yayi mu su. Cikin fitattun ƴan wasan kwaikwayo akwai Abu Nujoom da ƙungiyarsa.

A bangaren waƙe-waƙe da kaɗe-kaɗe kuwa, ba a bar Hausawa a baya ba. Akwai shahararrun mawaƙan Hausa kamar Abdurraheem Wad al Gadaref da har yanzu ke waƙa da harshen Hausa. Sai dai wasunsu kamar Babiker Hindi da Maryam ƴar Andalus na gwamawa – inda suke yin wasu waƙokin da Larabci, wasu kuma da Hausa.

Al’adun Hausawan Sudan

Hausawan Sudan sun rabu kashi biyu ne, domin akwai waɗanda suke zaune wuri guda bayan sun isa ƙasar, akwai kuma waɗanda suka gauraya kansu da Larabawa.

Hausawan da ke zaune zallarsu a garuruwansu sun ci gaba da al’adun ƴan uwansu na Najeriya da Nijar, amma waɗanda suka shige cikin Larabawa na bin al’adun Larabawa ne.

A misali, Hausawan da ke bin al’adun kakanninsu na yin bukukuwan suna da na aure tamkar yadda ake yi a Najeriya da Nijar. Bayan kwana bakwai a kan yi wa jariri suna da tsaga irin ta ƙasar da kakanninsa suka fito.

Matar da ta haihu a karon farko kan tafi gidan iyayenta ne, kuma a kan yi wa jariri aski ranar suna.

Su kuma Hausawan da suka shiga cikin Larabawa ba sa yin suna bayan kwana bakwai, ba sa yi wa jariri aski ranar suna kuma ba sa tura mace gidan iyayenta bayan ta haihu, ko da kuwa haihuwar farko ce.

A ɓangaren abinci, Hausawa na cikin dukkan abincin da ƴan uwansu na Yamma ke ci kamar tuwo da fura da nono da kunu da sauransu.

Wani abin sha’awa shi ne a Sudan, Hausawa sun shahara wajen sarrafa nama su mayar da shi balangu ko tsire. Sai dai a can ba a kiransa da tsire sai dai ‘a gashe’.

Sai dai wasu Hausawan da suka rungumi al’adun Larabawa kan ci abincinsu waɗanda suka haɗa da eyish (biredi) da aseeda da kisre da madara (laban).

Ta Bangaren tufafi kuwa, da wuya ka sami Bahaushen Sudan yana sanya riguna kamar babbar riga da wando ko kaftani ko kuma ƴar shara ga maza, mata kuma ba su cika daura zannuwa irin na matan Hausawa ba.

Yawancin mazansu sun fi sanya tufafin Larabawa wato farar jallabiyya mai fadin hannu da rawani, inda matansu kuma ke sanya tobe – wanda matan bare-bari kan ɗaura da aka fi sani da lafaya.

Bikin aure

Hausawa na auren sauran ƙabilun Sudan kamar Larabawa, sai dai kamar yadda aka bayyana a baya, wasunsu na bin al’adun Larabawa ne, wanda a kan kashe kuɗi sosai.

Sai dai akwai wani bambancin kan yadda ƙabilun biyu ke yin auratayya – domin Hausawa kan tara wa ƴaƴansu mata kayan aure ne – amma Larabawa ba sa yin haka, domin a al’adarsu namiji ne ka haɗa kayan aure, inda amaryarsa zuwa ta ke yi gidansa ba tare da ta kai komai ba.